Malik Muhammad Aslam Awan
Great Britain Enjoys the honour of having the oldest parliamentary system of the world. The Britain Parliament is also, considered the “Mother of all Parliaments of the World. House of lords is the upper house of Britain Parliament Comprising 793 members. All members are called Lords (Baron or Baroness). The number of hereditary Lords is almost 500 and 92 elected representatives while 26 Bishops are included from all over the country. The House of Lords consists of unelected members and all are elected for lifetime. The Britain House of Lords is the World’s biggest upper house of the world. No other upper house of the world consists of such a huge numbers. The lower house is called House of commons. Both the houses of Parliament enjoy equal powers, except the Budget and financial matters, which is the exclusive subject of the House of commons. House of commons is the lower house where every law making or amendment initiative is tabled to formulate it as law. The purpose of describing the structure of the World’s oldest Parliamentary institution is to delineate how the parliament is sacred in the Great Britain. Separation of powers is the salient feature of the democratic system of Britain. The Judiciary, the Parliament and the executive work smoothly in their respective domains and no organ trespasses the limits of other’s domain. The democratic system of the Great Britain was functioning so smoothly that most of countries have emulated this system to run their democratic institutions to debar these within their constitutional limits. Pakistan and Hindustan remained under the rule of Great Britain and resultantly after gaining independence from the alien rule adopted the system of their old masters.
But it is strange and noteworthy that the same system is running smoothly in India, while in Pakistan it was intercepted and held in abeyance for half of the life of Pakistan General Ayoob Khan General Yahya Khan, General Zia-ul-Haq, General Musharraf toppled the system and almost half of the independent era gone waste in their hilarious and rejoicing activities. General Ayoob Khan made hectic efforts to prolong his undemocratic rule in league with the politicians who posed themselves as champions of democracy, and flouted democratic norms and sacrificed these at the altar of their whims. Even Mohtarma Fatima Jinnah was labeled as “traitor” and a dictator portrayed himself the most patriotic.
Ayoob Khan became the vangaurd of rebellious attitude and after his illegal coup Zia and Musharraf followed his footsteps to topple democratic governments. It is a dilemma in political history of Pakistan that those employed to defend the territorial limits of Pakistan attacked the sovereignty of constitution. The constitution of 1973 is the first code which was unanimously agreed by all component Parties of the Parliament. Separation of Powers formula was devised to run the state affairs it was agreed that the executive, the Judiciary and the parliament will enormously enjoy their powers delegated to them by the constitution of Pakistan. It is human nature and Psychology that he can never remain contended with the powers he is already enjoying. When a Power organ of state exceeds its limits a conflict takes place, which inevitably ends in vendetta and feuds, resulting the breach in state structure and precarious situation simmer to the state of no end, the fall of system and the state again get back to Zero point. The interim period is prolonged to infinite span of time. After the end of interim period the state again takes start from Zero Point. Interim periods cause jerking jolts to state smooth journey and precious time goes to no gain. Sorrowfully we still smack the perils of illegal unconstitutional interception in democratic system. Internal feuds of state actors aggrandize the interests of the Power organs and in precarious situations instead of exhibition of Sobriety, they further aggravate the situation to a state that the risks for existence and continuation of democracy crop up and an expeditionist may gain courage to say a halt to the system. emocratic system and the formula of separation of powers is required to be further substantiated to contribute to the stability and durability of state policies. Democratic Governments initiate policies in public interest and after the mid-term breakage these policies are intercepted and often stopped to prove that these were not so beneficial to Public as were endeavored to portray. After a short span of time discarded projects get too much costly and when resumed, consume a remarkable portion of Public Exchequer. All Political Parties, intellectuals, Educationists and all other stakeholders are required to join heads together for “greater debate” to formulate a stratagem to save the country from undue interception of “Power actor”, to ensure the Supremacy of constitution and the sanctity of state from being its walls hammered by the expeditionist. The existence of powerful state is the guarantee of our liberty and peace.
