Momina Nazir Khwaja
It is a viral disease that effects cattle especially .It is caused by lumpy skin disease virus , a member of Capri poxvirus genus. This disease is characterized by formation of nodules or lumps on skin , internal organs , mucous membrane. Causes of this disease are direct contact , Mechanical vectors, Contaminated Objects, Aerosol Transmission. Mechanical vectors examples are mosquitoes and ticks. The transmission of this disease occur through direct contact with infected animals or also from blood feeding insects such as ticks , mosquitoes. Cattle are the primary hosts, other ruminants such as buffaloes can also be infected. The disease is generally not transmissible to humans. The course of the disease can last several weeks, and recovery is generally slow. The healing process of the skin lesions often results in scarring. Signs and Symptoms include fever, loss of appetite and development of skin lumps, edema. Diagnosis of this disease involves a Laboratory tests and lesion examination.
Clinical manifestation include fever , reduced Milk Production , generalized weakness, skin nodules. This disease has a wide impact on livestock industry. It can result in economic losses for livestock farmers due to decrease milk and meat production and trade disruptions. Also has a great impact on long term productivity issues. Lumpy skin disease is found in various regions, and its distribution can be influenced by factors such as climate, the presence of suitable vectors, and animal movement patterns.This disease globally distributes into Africa , Middle East , Asia , Europe . In Africa this disease is Endemic. In Middle East it is apandemic. Prevention and control of this disease involves vaccination, Vector control, Quarantine Measures, early detection , education and outreach, research and development.