Barkat Ullah
August 15, 2021, marked a significant turning point in the history of Afghanistan. The Taliban, the major insurgent group that was removed from power back in 2001, once again took control of the country. This unexpected turn of events has left many people around the world concerned about what lies ahead for Afghanistan. The Taliban’s resurgence can be traced back to the Doha agreement signed between the United States and the militant group in February 2020; as a result of which the foreign troops withdrew from Afghanistan. The previous regime was ousted from power and Taliban gained the control. Since assuming power, there have been mixed reactions regarding how different this Taliban regime will be compared to its previous rule. The international community remains skeptical given past experiences under their oppressive rule. However, some argue that they may have learned lessons over time and could potentially adopt a more moderate approach. For now, we are witnessing some positive initiatives taken by the new government that seem promising. One such initiative is focused on restoring peace and stability within Afghan borders. The establishment of law and order is crucial for citizens’ safety as well as for attracting investments and rebuilding infrastructure. Similarly, it is keen to engage the regional stakeholders on various issues. Countries like Pakistan, China, Russia Iran, and Central Asian Republics have expressed their interests to work with the Taliban government in various sectors. This regional cooperation could lead to improved trade opportunities and increased investment in Afghanistan’s future. The Taliban’s return to power in Afghanistan has undoubtedly had a profound impact on the lives of the Afghan people. While there have been concerns about their past actions and ideology, it is important to acknowledge that some positive initiatives have emerged under their government. One notable area where the Taliban has made progress is in restoring law and order. After years of conflict and instability, many Afghans are relieved to see a semblance of security returning to their communities. The strict enforcement of rules may seem oppressive to some, but for others, it provides a sense of stability that they have longed for. Another significant development is taxation reform implemented by the Taliban government. By establishing a more structured system, they aim to generate revenue for public services such as education, healthcare, and infrastructure development. While this initiative is still in its early stages, it demonstrates an effort towards economic sustainability. Currently, the government of the Taliban is experiencing financial crisis and economic limitations; in future, it will help significantly in boosting its economy. While these positive initiatives cannot overshadow concerns about human rights or ideological differences with international norms. Woman rights and their education are still areas of concern for both the people within Afghanistan and international community. Even within the ranks of the Taliban; many believe in women education and their rights and tend to go with international community in this regard. Keeping the sensitivity of these issues in mind, it is hoped that the current regime will soon reach to a fruitful solution in this regard. The international community’s response to the Taliban’s return to power in Afghanistan has been mixed, with some countries expressing concern and others cautiously engaging with the new government. Many Western nations, including the United States and several European countries, have voiced their apprehension about the Taliban’s track record on human rights and their past association with terrorism. They have called for guarantees of women’s rights, an inclusive government, and protection for minority groups. Similarly, they want disassociation of the Taliban regime with other terrorist organizations such as TTP, Al-Qaeda and ISKP etc. On the other hand, regional powers like Pakistan, China, Russia, Iran, and Central Asian Republics have shown a more pragmatic approach towards engaging with the Taliban. They see an opportunity to promote stability in Afghanistan and protect their own interests in areas such as trade routes and counterterrorism cooperation. While there is no consensus among countries regarding recognition of the Taliban government yet, diplomatic channels remain open as discussions take place behind closed doors. Some nations are waiting to assess if the new regime will fulfill its promises of peace and stability before making any concrete decisions. It remains a delicate balancing act for many nations as they navigate between upholding human rights principles while also considering geopolitical realities. The international community is closely monitoring developments in Afghanistan as they weigh their responses to ensure that any engagement contributes positively to Afghan society without compromising fundamental values. However, despite the fact that the Taliban are still not able to gain single diplomatic recognition; it is deeply engaged on regional level with various stakeholders.