Osama Javed
During 9th century there was a state existing in a region named as”Kievan Rus”. Slavic people inhabited there and city of Kyiv was it’s capital.From 980-1015, state ruled by Grand prince Volodimer. Ukrain, Russia and Belarus acculturized their form “Kievan Rus”.In 1900, there existed two soviet unions. Russia was powerful with 15 socialist soviet republics and Ukraine was 2nd cogent. Ukraine was under Russian decree. Kyiv was stronger than Moscow at that time. Ukraine inherited defence industrial set-up, large agricultural lands and possessed much of soviet arsenals. Both Ukraine and Russia were the part of soviet union before dis-integration.During cold war, Ukrain remained arch-rival of USA. Due to cold war soviet union collapsed in 1991. Ukraine became independent. Ukraine was threat for Russian and regional soverenignity as Ukraine owned most of Soviet union’s nuclear warheads including ( 176 inter-continental ballistic missiles,1249 nuclear warheads, 44 strategic bombers, 700 nuclear tipped cruise missiles and 2000 tactical nuclear weapons). World forced Ukraine to return back nuclear weapons to Russia. Russia petitioned Ukraine to retaliate nuclear arms in return Russia vowed Ukrainian security and respect of It’s hegemony. Ukraine returned nuclear weapons in 1994. Both signed Budapest accord in Hungry with Belarus, USA, UK and Kazakhstan for non-proliferation of nuclear warheads.During 2013, Viktor Yanukovych elected as new president of Ukraine who renowned for heavy-handed, corruption and most of all pro-Moscow.Yanukovych repudiated European union trade agreement that caused greater dissolution with European union. Yanukoyvch pronounced 15 billion $ bail-out from Russia.Protest broke out in whole Ukraine. People considered it “sold to Moscow” and also raised slogans of “sign European union trade deal or step down Yanukovych government”. Russia assisted Yanukovych while Europe favoured protesters. Government of yanukovych de-escalated in 2014. President flew to Russia for well-being. East Russian speakers desired Yanukovych to stay. Minorities of east felt disenfranchised. There occured peninsula in black waters named Crimea. Moscow annexed Crimea. In ancient history during 1954, soviet leaders Nikita Khrushchev shifted Crimea from Russia to Ukraine for strengthening ties between masses of both sides. Most of Russian preferred Crimea with Russia, and should not have allowed to join Ukraine.With de-escalation of Yanukovych’s government, Russian army started seizing government buildings in Crimea. Entire peninsula, persisted militarism. March 16 ,2014 referendum held for voting to join Russia. Russia labelled it liberation while world viewed as relinquishment.April 2014, Concentration diverted to eastern Ukraine(Donbas), when suddenly Russian backed separatists began capturing territory but Ukraine exhibited no movement. Rebels shot down Malaysian airline with 298 victims.Terrible incident provoked Ukraine to initiate war against rebels. Russia pledged in to reinforce rebels. Menace of bloodshed compelled the world to drag both rivals to negotiation table for settlement of conflict. In 2014, both concerted on Minsk reconciliation for ceasefire, military withdrawal and elections in rebel guarded areas.Ukraine always faced agitation from east, insurgents are mostly in 2 areas Luhansk and Donetsk . East Ukrainian are native Russian speakers galance Russia through lens of shared history and heritage. Geographically ,eastern wing share it’s boundary to Russia. West Ukrainian comprehend Russia with suspicion. Geographically ,western part is far away. In ancient time, Ukrainian establishment forcefully Russified. Back to 1700,s Soviet leader Katherine the great, resorted ethnic Russian to this part. Schools directed to impart Russian and prohibited Ukrainian athorities. 1930,s era of soviet leader Joseph Stalin steered a famine, millions of perished people repopulated with ethnic Russians. In 1940,s soviet leaders relocated Tatars and replaced with Russians. It was designed to be that way. 1 in 6 in Ukraine is an ethnic Russian and 1 in 3 in eastern region speaks Russian. Historically they were one. Claiming Ukraine on the bases of colonial history is like will be British claiming India or SA or Spain claiming Philippine. Past imperialism can’t justify present day expansionism. Eastern Ukraine is always beloved to Russia because it owned coal ,fertile lands and iron. Moscow talked about “Holy Rus” which is denied by Ukrainian masses. People are not naturally friends or enemies: friendship and enmity arise from circumstances. Russian have eye on the treasure of eastern wing and their natural reservoirs of gas and oil. Ukraine longing to affix with NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization) a military alliance of more than 30 countries. Russia perceive it peril to it’s sovereignty and integrity. Russia fabricating hindrance to refrain Ukraine from NATO.Russia wants to stop expansion of NATO in region. Ukrainian president likely aimed to prefer NATO but Russian managed to identified and again extended border security stationed right at border,also installed modern missile defence system on it’s border. Russian president now desired to have firm signed documents of nullifying NATO expansion to east. Otherwise Russia would not withdraw back forces from border. Russia also decreed two rebel states as independent states and stepped in to maintain peace in their territory. Situation in region is terrific. Russia is 2nd largest oil exporter and Ukraine is exporter of cereals as well as large industrial raw material. Whole world is going towards the huge crises. Harsh environment is bringing about fuss in region but no one could predict what would be the ultimate end of this riot.
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