Naseebullah Khan
I am proud that for the first time in the history of Afghanistan, I am raising the flag of such a people, who are producing all material and immaterial equipment necessary for the life in this country and who make all efforts for prosperity and serendipity of the society. This glorious and magnificent red flag is the symbol of the greatness and pride of these people. Noor Muhammad Taraki A revolutionary communist politician, a progressive writer who wrote on human distresses mostly, and a journalist Noor Muhammad Tarakai was the ex_President of Afghanistan who succeeded Sardar Dawood Khan. Coming out from a middle-class peasant family, Noor Muhammad Tarakai got global fame in both literature and political fields. His life can be categorized into three facets. As a journalist, he started Khalq newspaper, which was banned after one month of publication. He served as a deputy head of the Bakhtar news agency and established the Noor translation bureau.As a writer, his writing has left unending and unparalleled impressions on Pashto literature. He mostly wrote Novels such as Sara (Bachelor), Sangsar (Stoing) ,baytarbiataZoi (An untrained Son), and da bang musafari. He also authored Mochi (Cobbler) a collection of short stories. The themes of his writing revolve around the pains of the people and society as a whole. Politically, though he was a conscious Afghan, his political creates marked in1953 when he served as an attaché in the Afghanistan embassy in Washington. He was the founding member of (PDPA) Peoples democratic party of Afghanistan, which he established along with Hafeezullah Amin in 1967. He served as General Secretary of the party and chairman of the revolutionary council. After Sardar Dawood was overthrown in 1978, he became the President of Afghanistan. He became controversial during the implementation of his reforms which were reforms of which the most disputed was the land reforms. He opines that, “The course of reform is in progress thanks to Decree No. 6 of the Revolutionary Council-one of the monumental achievements in the eyes of the regime. Under this decree, farmers with little or no land have been freed of the debts they had incurred to landlords and moneylenders. You have sharpened the class struggle in Afghanistan. The class struggle which we awaited for many long years is now gaining in intensity. Previously, nothing material existed for our people to awaken their political awareness and to make them rise against the feudal lords.” As per the result of his land reforms 1.6 million acres of land was redistributed. According to the reforms, one person should not have more than 15 acres of land. He erased old debts of landlords and feudal to peasants who were working as a bandage.In a traditional masculine society, Noor Muhammad Tarakai tried to reform it by empowering women folk. By introducing women into politics Mr. Tarakai challenged the traditional Afghan society. He banned forced marriages, Usury, and bride price (walwar). His government stressed women’s education and carried on the promotion of the UNESCO program which was started in the Dawood Khan era for ending illiteracy in Afghanistan in 20 years. He also launched the first Afghan Television network. A huge mistake he made was his reliance on the USSR. That political blunder damaged the decades-old Afghan neutrality which further made Afghanistan an epicenter of the cold war. We may disagree with some of his reforms and the method he used to implement the reforms in a hurry and a hasty manner in a traditional society lacked political farsightedness. By and large, his contributions in the literary field and his struggle for women empowerment, educational progress, and agricultural fields so that to help the peasant segments of the Afghan society speaks volumes of his leadership.
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